Abstract

Today, network congestion is a common occurrence that needs to be focused on and effectively addressed, particularly in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for packed type networks. The main causes of congestion in WSN are a lack of channel capacity and energy waste. This study's major goal is to develop Energy Efficient Congestion Free Path Selection Protocol (ECFPSP) protocol, which aims to reduce network congestion. By selecting the most appropriate main cluster head (PCH) and secondary cluster head (SCH), the ECFPSP protocol is proposed to decrease end-to-end delay time and extend the network lifetime. The suggested protocol implements a routing protocol that provides security by avoiding hostile nodes and reducing data loss. It also routes the nodes. Hence, a Congestion-Free Cluster Formation is provided to increase the lifetime of the network by proposed ButPCNN approach. To decrease packet loss and conserve energy, this research also uses brand-new cluster-based WSNs. In comparison to other standard protocols, the simulation results reveal that ButPCNN has a reduced packet drop rate, which increases the ratio of packet distribution, network life, and residual energy. As a result, the suggested method enhances congestion control performance while using less energy and a recently developed strategy is suggested to successfully enhance network performance. The proposed ButPCNN gives 25 percent improvement to optimize traffic on overloaded node than the other traditional approaches.