Abstract

The microstrip antennas are often used in the wireless communications due to their size and the ease with which they can be made. Nonetheless, their performance is greatly affected by modifications in engineering and physical properties. So, the simple microstrip antenna was designed in this research and the analysis of the most important variables was conducted. This involves modification of the substrate thickness, feed width, type of insulating material and ground level parameters. The experiment involved the study on its influence on bandwidth, antenna gain, and impedance matching within the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency range. The simulation was done via CST software along with the FR-4 insulating material was 1.6 mm thick. Various configurations were experimented to come up with the most appropriate parameter settings. On the basis of these findings, A novel antenna design is created that encompasses an L-shaped aperture as well as a filter in order to enhance radiation efficiency, undesirable out of band responses as well as enhancement of impedance behavior. It was demonstrated in the simulation that the patch dimensions could be altered to bring about an optimal value of the antenna performance as the frequency of operation was 2.4 GHz resulting in a standing wave voltage ratio (VSWR) of 1.178, a directivity of 6.6 dBi, a bandwidth of 96.3 MHz, a realized gain of 2.484 dBi and a reflection coefficient (S11) of =-21.729 dB. Due to these results, the proposed antenna becomes an appropriate choice in the case of the ISM-band, Wi-Fi, and Internet of Things wireless networks.