IJEER

• Publlished : 15 June 2026
• Volume 14, Issue 2 , Pages : 254-262
• Tushar, Nandita Pradhan and Sweta Singh
• Keywords: Breast Cancer Detection, Microwave Breast Imaging, Phantom
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• DoI: https://doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.140201

Microwave breast imaging uses longer-wavelength, low-power waves to deliver comprehensive breast tissue information for safer and more accurate breast cancer diagnosis. This is an alternative to other more traditional approaches such as ultrasound, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and X-ray mammography. This paper aims at discussing performance summary of bowtie antenna with slits loaded to detect breast cancer. The antenna that can be found in the present paper has a frequency band of operation of 4 GHz to 6 GHz and consists of a triangular patch fed by a rectangular feed line. The FR4 substrate with dielectric constant is 4.3 is exploited to make phantom models with and without a tumor and antenna models with or without slits.

• Publlished : 15 June 2026
• Volume 14, Issue 2 , Pages : 263-270
• Elaf Falah Hussein and Israa Hazem Ali
• Keywords: Patch Antenna, Slots, Filter
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• DoI: https://doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.140202

The microstrip antennas are often used in the wireless communications due to their size and the ease with which they can be made. Nonetheless, their performance is greatly affected by modifications in engineering and physical properties. So, the simple microstrip antenna was designed in this research and the analysis of the most important variables was conducted. This involves modification of the substrate thickness, feed width, type of insulating material and ground level parameters. The experiment involved the study on its influence on bandwidth, antenna gain, and impedance matching within the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency range. The simulation was done via CST software along with the FR-4 insulating material was 1.6 mm thick.