Articles published in IJEER


Design and FPGA Implementation of Image Compression Based Fuzzy Technique

Fuzzy logic is a way to embed an engineer’s experience into the system. In recent years, many researchers have applied the fuzzy logic to develop new techniques for contrast improvement. Fuzzy logic is a well-known rather simple approach with good visual results, but proposed fuzzy operation algorithm is default nonlinear. Here proposed algorithm is a default nonlinear thus not straight forward applicable on the JPEG bit stream, it is possible when the right combination is found. Image compression is one of the major image processing techniques that are widely used in medical, automotive, consumer and military applications. In this project fuzzy technique has been used in image compression with Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT) technique. Discrete wavelet transforms is the most popular transformation technique adopted for image compression. Image compression has become important as storage or transmission of images requires large amount of bandwidth. In order to minimize the complexity of DWT, fuzzy technique has been proposed and implemented on FPGA

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Leakage current analysis for stack based Nano CMOS Digital Circuits

Due to the growing impact of subthreshold and gate leakage, static leakage is contributing more and more towards the power dissipation in deep submicron Nano CMOS technology. There have been many works on subthreshold leakage and techniques to reduce it, such as controlling the input vector to the circuit in standby mode, forcing stack and body bias control. In this tutorial paper we have reviewed the leakage current with change in drain source, gate and bulk voltages for 4 different submicron technologies using the latest PTM models. Simulation result shows the effect of gate leakage and subthreshold leakage in total leakage current for different input vectors for a stack of 3 Nano technology NMOS transistors, further analyzes also the subthreshold and total leakage variation with input vector in a stack of 4 Nano technology NMOS transistors

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Design of Multi Band Rectenna using Blank Box Optimization Technique

As we all know that demand of energy is increasing day by day. We all are surrounded by the Radio Frequency waves, so the harvesting of radio waves for our energy requirements could be the alternative source of energy. Rectenna is a device that is used to convert RF Energy into DC power. Rectenna is designed using triangular microstrip patch antenna TMPA. The main motive behind this is to have battery free devices. This thing will also helpus to protect our nature from harmful chemicals like cadmium, mercury etc. that are used in batteries This paper is concerned with the study design, analysis and fabrication of multi band Rectenna so that it can be used at various frequencies. We have used the blank box optimization technique in order to get enhanced bandwidth, gain, Return Loss and efficiency.

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Design of circular spiral antenna for mobile satellite communication

This paper presents the simulation, design, and fabrication of a circular spiral antenna for mobile - satellite communication with wide bandwidth. The centre frequency is 1.78 GHz with the bandwidth is 60 MHz radiation pattern of this antenna shows bidirectional pattern with voltage standing wave ratio of less than two, return loss of less than -10 dB, the line impedance of 50 Ω . All the design and simulation of this Antenna is carried by using a commercial cst simulator. The antenna is fabricated on Fr-4 substrate with 4.3 dielectric constant and 1.6 mm of thickness. Transient solver is used to measure all the parameters of this Antenna. It is observed that the simulated and measured values of the parameters of the antenna were quite close with each other.

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